Classification Essay - Types of Wood - 493 Words

Wood types differ considerably in properties such as color, density, and hardness, making timber a resource that is valuable in a wide variety of contexts. Each of the samples of commonly used woods shown here has distinctive characteristics. Mahogany is a tropical tree prized for its heavy, strong, easily worked wood. Hickory is a tough, hard wood used for tool handles, furniture, and smoke wood for meat. Instrument makers favor the strong, richly colored wood of the cherry tree. Yew is strong, fine-grained wood used for cabinetmaking and archery bows. Like mahogany, the wood of the iroko is resistant to both rot and insects and bears the quot;interlockedquot; grain of many tropical trees. Oak is one of the worlds most durable woods.†¦show more content†¦The typical markings, called grain, that are found on all types of natural wood are due to the structure of the wood. Wood consists essentially of fine cellular ducts or tubes, which carry water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves, and which are thus arranged more or less vertically within the trunk. When the wood is cut parallel to the axis of the trunk, straight-grained lumber is usually produced. In some trees, however, the ducts are helical; that is, they twist around the trunk as they ascend. Such trees produce cross-grained lumber, which is also obtained from ordinary trees when the cut is not parallel to the axis of the trunk. Many woods have prominent annual rings. The trunk of a tree does not grow in length, except at its tip, but does grow in width. The only portion of the trunk that is engaged in active growth is the cambium, a thin layer entirely surrounding the trunk. In trees of the Temperate Zone, the cambium lays down new wood during the spring and summer, and in most trees the early wood is more porous and therefore lighter in color than the wood produced later in the season. The trunk of a tree is thus surrounded each year by a new pair of concentric sheaths, one darker than the other. Woods are classified as softwood or hardwood, depending on the tree from which they come. Woods from broad-leaved trees are called hardwoods, and woods fromShow MoreRelated Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz Essay1631 Words   |  7 PagesSwitzerland on May 28, 1807. Born the son of a Protestant pastor, Louis Agassiz was raised in a religious environment but clearly possessed a deep interest in natural history and science. â€Å"I spent most of the time I could spare†¦in hunting the neighboring woods and meadows for birds, insects, and land and fresh water shells† (Lurie 9). 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Book Review Success Built to Last - 3070 Words

BOOK REVIEW SUCCESS BUILT TO LAST: Creating A Life That Matters By Jerry Porras, Stewart Emery, and Mark Thompson Summary Success Built to Last builds on over 200 interviews with highly successful people to discern patterns on how they define success and how they achieved it. The authors spoke to remarkable people that were trimmed down from initial thousand lists to hundreds who were able to sustain success for over a 20 year period. The interviewees were Nobel Laureates, Pulitzer, Grammy, Peabody and Grammy award winners as well as CEOs from small and big companies. The group was comprised of people from diverse industries, interests and gender, and majority was over the age of 40 with 95 being the oldest. The main idea of†¦show more content†¦Ultimately, no form of acquisition or activity can lastingly deliver what really matters to a person, (3) The seduction of competence (or the natural tendency we have to follow a False Profit), and (4) The tyranny of the OR, Builders have concluded that their commitment to serve others is also their self-interest. Chapter 6 (The Cause has Charisma – You Don’t Have to be Charismatic to be Successful), many Builders can be tentative, even nervous or introverts but they still succeed. Although they do not have charisma or personality, it is what they do with their personalities that determine success. Builders cling to a personal commitment that’s so compelling to them, they must do because it matters. Chapter 7 (The Tripping Point – Always Make New Mistakes), treats mistakes as learning for Builders to achieve enduring success. Builders always find ways to manage and refuse to let their goals and dreams go despite those awful moments when everything has gone wrong. They think of both success and failure as feedback, it’s not judge as either complete win or loss, both are essential. Chapter 8 (Wounds to Wisdom – Trusting your Weaknesses and Using your Core Competencies), provides another Builder’s outlook to weaknesses as something that is not a flaw that paralyzes their actions. It is natural to be embarrassed or overwhelmed by it at times, but they still don’t marginalize themselves or theShow MoreRelated A Clockwork Orange, by Stanley Kubrick Essay example1522 Words   |  7 Pagestheres something wrong with a movie when the last third feels like the last half† (Rogerebert.com). 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Business Law Limited Liability Framework

Question: Describe about the Business Law for Limited Liability Framework. Answer: 1. With Joe incorporating Roberts Boating private limited, the key advantages the company will receive are as follows: - Management of the company- Operating a limited liability organization requires less paperwork and administrative. A limited liability organization does not issue stock certificates nor hold regular meetings. Auditing and record keeping are less tedious relying on the requirements of the members. There is no maximum or minimum number of members in the limited liability company. The owner of the company can take all the decisions and can also hire members to form a management team that would run the organization. Limited Liability of company Registering the business as a limited liability company, Joe can run the company with much ease. Incorporation under limited liability will receive much greater tax exemption creating profitability for the company. It also helps Joe in the mitigation of personal liability and the protection of given assets of the corporation (Baxt, Harris and Finnane 2013). It will also help Joe in capping the liability of towards the creditors of the company. Raising capital becomes much easier for Joe once the company follows certain decorum. Tax While the normal marginal tax rate for individuals working under normally registered business name stands at 47%, incorporating a corporation in Australia will have a flat tax rate of 30%. Joe has to pay taxes based on the capital gains of the company. Joe needs to pay tax on its accessible income based on the company tax rate, and the company can further be applicable for tax deductions (Baxt, Harris and Finnane 2014). This will help the company save a lot of money in the form of funds which can be spent in other functioning of management creating profitability of the company. 2. The procedures that Joe had to follow under the Corporations Act 2001 to register the Roberts Boating Pty Ltd are as follows: To register the company, Joe should lodge an application with the ASIC. The application should state the following: The type of organization that is to be registered under the Act; The proposed name of the company (Burrell and McGinn 2009). The address and name of each individual who will become the member of the company; The family and present given name and place and date of birth of each member who will become; the director of the company; The family and present given name and place and date of birth of each member who will become the company secretary (Davenport and Parker 2011). The address of each member who will become the company secretary or director; The address of the proposed registered office of the company; The address of the principle place of the business of the company (if it is not address of proposed registered office); Joe has to follow the procedure as the company is limited by shares The class and number of shares in writing each member agrees to take up The amount each member agree to pay for each share in writing Whether each members share agrees to take up would be fully paid on registration If those amounts are not be fully paid for registration the amounts each member agrees to be unpaid on the shares (Gibson and Fraser 2007). The application should be in prescribed form Joe should have the agreements and consents referred to in the subsection 2 when the application is lodged. Joe should give the agreements and consents to the organization after the organization is registered. The company should keep the agreements and consents. On the basis of subsection 5 an offense would be considered as strict liability. The internal management rules of the company would be governed by the provisions of section 134 of corporation act 2001. 3. The Joe's liability is discussed if Robert's Boating Pty Ltd cannot fulfill the order of Perth Sea Rescue is discussed with following the four step process. Step 1: Introduce the area of the law The area of the law focuses on the fulfilment of the order undertaken by Robert's Boating Pty Ltd seems to be consisting of 5 boat order for the Perth Sea Rescue. This law area is focused with considering the liability of Joe who is appointed to the company on January 2016 (Mo 2012). Step 2: Discuss the applicable law to solve and quote relevant cases and the sections of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) where applicable. The application of the law of Corporations Act 2001 (Cth)-Section 140, depicts the appropriate establishment if the resolution process regarding the effect of the issues created by the organization. As per the law of the liability of Breaching of contract, if the buyer failed to pay the amount as per the contract depicted, then the seller is liable for cancelling the order with 5% refund on the total amount (Solomon 2009). As per the contract, Joe will have to pay an amount if Roberts Boating Pty Ltds contract is cancelled. Step3: Apply the law to the facts to resolve the problem. The laws depicts the liability for the inappropriate execution or the payment order failure for the Joe is undertaken as per depicted in this case study (Symon 2006). It also provides the failure of the contract for which Joe is liable for the failure of the contract. Step 4: Come to a conclusion As per the above discussion, the conclusion that can be drawn is that if Joe is liable for the failure of the contract, then the above mentioned conditions must be implemented against Joe by the Roberts Boating Pty Ltd. 4. As per Australian contract law, a contract is a legal agreement which should have the following elements offer, intention of binding to a contract, consideration, legal capacity, consent and the formalities. In the undertaken case it has been seen Haana a Factory manager of Robert's Boating Pty Ltd performed a contract with ABC Ltd on behalf of the company to buy a machine that manufactures boats from high tensile plastic without informing the managing director of the company Joe. As a factory manager, Haana is entitled to spend up to $25,000 only. Afterward, Robert's Boating Pty Ltd annulled the contract on the following ground: The contract is invalid and unenforceable as according to the constitution of the company the company cannot engage any activities other than producing fiberglass boats and the company has not any capacity to enter into such type of contract (Thomas 2010). And secondly, Haana does have the authority to buy a $40,000 machine as her limit is only $25,000. The first ground of Roberts Pty to terminate the contract: Issue: The Company is involving in manufacturing boats of fiberglass, is the company involve in plastic boat manufacturing? Law: As per Australian Corporation Act 2001(Cth) the company cannot manufacture from the high tensile plastic boat as according to the constitution of the company the company is entitled to manufacture on fiberglass boats (Vickery, Pendleton and Flood 2008). Application: According to the Australian Corporation Act 2001 the production companies' production materials and result or products must be predefined and the companies cannot involve in any production other than the predefined production of goods. Conclusion: The Company cannot involve in any other production, rather than fiberglass boats as per the constitution of the company. However, it is not the headache of the ABC Ltd. Haana is a representative of Roberts Boat Pty Ltd and on behalf of the company she contract with ABC for buying the machine for the Roberts Pty Ltd from the company. As the senior executive of the company Haana should know the constitution of the company thus, as she indulges in this contract on behalf of the company the company Robert's Boat Company cannot avoid the liability of the contract. The second ground of Roberts Pty to terminate the contract: Issue: Whether Haana has the authority to involve in a contract on behalf of accompanying to buy a machine of $40,000 or not. Law: As per the Australian Contract Act, the company representative can perform a contractual duty on behalf of the company. The rules and policy of a company describes the role and responsibility of each member as per the Australian Corporation Act 2001 (Watson, Gleeson and Higgins 2013). Application: Haana can perform the contract on behalf of her company as she was in a position of Sales Manager and representative of the company thus the contract should be valid. Conclusion: Moreover, the ABC Ltd would not see that the limit of spending of Haana is $25,000 as a factory manager. Whether Haana is authorized to spend $40,000 or not the company is liable for the contract by Haana. References Barker, David. 2005.Essential Australian Law. Sydney, N.S.W.: Cavendish. Baxt, R, Jason R Harris, and Edmund Thomas Finnane. 2014.Corporations Legislation 2014. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Reuters. Baxt, Robert, Jason R Harris, and Edmund Thomas Finnane. 2013.Corporations Legislation 2013. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Reuters. Burrell, David and John G McGinn. 2009.Cornerstone Law Series. [Adelaide]: Law Society of South Australia. Davenport, Shayne and David Parker. 2011.Business And Law In Australia. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia. Gibson, Andy and Douglas Fraser. 2007.Business Law. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Mo, John Shijian. 2012.International Commercial Law. Chatswood, N.S.W.: LexisNexis Butterworths. Solomon, Richard. 2009.Cornerstone Law Series. [Adelaide]: Law Society of South Australia. Symon, Helen. 2006.Corporations Act 2001. Melbourne: Leo Cussen Institute. Thomas, Geoff. 2010.Cornerstone Law Series. [Adelaide]: Law Society of South Australia. Vickery, Roger, Wayne Pendleton, and MaryAnne Flood. 2008.Australian Business Law. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Education. Watson, J. A, Justin T Gleeson, and Ruth C. A Higgins. 2013.Historical Foundations Of Australian Law. Annandale, N.S.W.: Federation Press.

Interpersonal Relationship and Simple Gift free essay sample

A sense of belonging or not belonging greatly influences an individuals identity. A change in identity occurs when belonging is found through meaningful, intimate relationships, with senses ofplace, community, safety and familiarity. The free verse novel, The Simple Gift, composed by Steven Herrick, and the dramatic fairytale film, Edward Scissorhands, directed and created by Tim Burton, both explore the concepts of belonging and relationships through the strong use of literary techniques; and focus on a changing Identity as a base for belonging. Both texts have significantly different perspectives of belonging and identity. Edward yearns to belong and become part of societys conformity and routine, whereas Billy aspires to a life of solitude and self reliance. Billy is a misfit in high school, having no significant relationships and a heartless abusive father, the old bastard. Before he embarks on journey for belonging, it is evident that he lacks a sense of belonging at home and in his community. We will write a custom essay sample on Interpersonal Relationship and Simple Gift or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Billy describes his home house as Deadbeat no hoper shithole lonely downtrodden house in Longlands road, Nowheresville. This string of informal negative description emphasizes Billys emotional isolation and dislocation within his community. His missing sense of belonging gives him the identity of an outcast, which proves belonging or not belonging greatly influences an individuals identity. Billys escape from his town, Nowheresville to Bendarat coincides with his discovery of relationships, acceptance and nourishment from strangers. Herrick has used the characterization of Billys father figures to portray his desire to belong. When Billy first escapes his town, and we see first see the weather motif, mirroring Billys belonging to place, the rain is personified as Billy describes it as hitting you in the face with the force of a fathers punch. This metaphor shows why Billy needed to escape from his abusive tyrant father, and his lack of intimate relationships and belonging. Herrick later utilizes the characterization of Ernie and Irene, total strangers who through altruism and kindness offer him refuge and simple gifts. Ernie starkly contrasts Billys father, and introduces the motif of gifts, which influences Billys selfless nature. Irene, the librarian, offers Billy empathy and doesnt judge him. The two characters of Ernie and Irene have anagrammatic names, because they were both designed to serve the same purpose offer the simple gift of kindness and altruism. Billys relationship with these characters fosters his change of identity to a much more caring person. Although Billys sense of not belonging is evident, he finds places of isolation, safety and familiarity throughout The Simple Gift. His makeshift home, a train carriage becomes his home and provides him with sense of belonging to place. Billy describes the train carriage as a cave and a hotel. He classifies it as a cave because it protects him from the elements and furthermore as a hotel because it is not his permanent residence. His places of belonging and refuge greatly influence his identity. Further on in The Simple Gift, Billy discovers true belonging is found through meaningful, emotionally nourishing relationships. Billys relationship with Old Bill is one of the most important, as they give each other purpose, safety and nourishment. Billy explains thats why I help Old Bill, for no reason other than he needs it; this shows Billys altruism through the use of simple gift motif. Billy develops another significant relationship with Caitlin, a wealthy girl who is smart enough to realise none of this means anything, because like Billy, she values a lack of material possessions, and dislikes the identity associated with being wealthy. Billys relationship with Caitlin provides him with belonging, trust, emotional nourishment and support. Billys belonging through these meaningful intimate relationships greatly influence each characters individual identity. The suburban community in which Edward attempts to belong has its own inclusive sense of belonging and conformity. All of the houses in the community conform; they are all one single, bright and cheerful colours. Edwards house is dark and gothic on the exterior, but beautiful on the inside, which is symbolic of Edward himself. The houses are a motif that explores the townspeoples identities. Throughout the film, Edward yearns to belong to the community that resides near his castle, and is willing to transform himself to belong. This is powerfully shown through the use of the talk show scene, where he admits he would like to have normal hands and another woman tells him he would be special, and he says yes I know, because he is willing to sacrifice his individuality and uniqueness to conform to the towns superficial identity. This scene explores belonging by showing the extent Edward will go to, to belong and permanently change his identity. Edwards gaining of belonging and change of identity is abruptly halted when the catalyst of the burglary occurs, because the town now sees him as villain. In the scene where Edward is being chased and he sits beside dog. When he cuts away the hair covering the dogs eyes, It runs away scared. The dog in this scene is symbolic of the whole town now judging him superficially, seeing him as a freak. By this scene it is clear Edward isnt going to belong. The end of Edwards story directly contrasts the conclusion of The Simple Gift, as Billy has found belonging through intimat e relationships. Edwards sense of belonging in the town is fostered by his fairytale-like relationship with Kim, Pegs daughter. As Edwards relationship with the town as a whole progressively fails, his relationship with Kim strengthens. This is shown through the increasing close-up camera angles on both Edward and Kims faces, and most importantly in the poignant scene where Kim dances in the snow made by Edwards ice-carving; she rejoices in his individuality. The camera angles in this scene show Kim and Edwards relationship and Kims acceptance of Edwards individuality. Edwards relationship with Kim shows the importance of relationships in belonging, and his sense of belonging and changing identity in the town is explored vastly through his growing relationship with Kim. The Simple Gift and Edward Scissorhands both creatively explores senses of belong and not belonging, and how a sense of belonging can change an Identity for the better or worse. Conclusively, Billy finds belonging due to finding intimate relationships and a sense of place, and Edwards quest for belonging ends in a tragedy, due to his failure to conform to the suburban communitys identity; and never being able to have meaningful relationships.

Free Essays on Political Review

Multicultural Education The debate over Multicultural Education in America has long been called "The Melting Pot" due to the fact that it is made up of a varied mix of races,cultures and ethnicities. As more and more immigrants come to America in searching for a better life, the population naturally become more diverse. This has in turn spun a great debate over multiculturalism. One of the issues under debate is Who is benifiting from the education, and How to present the material in a way that does not offend the different cultures. In the 1930's several educators called for programs of cultural diversity that encouraged ethnic and minority students to study their respective heritages. This wasen't easy cause there is much diversity within individual cultures. A look at the 1990 census show that the American population has changed more noticably in the last ten years than in any other time in the twentieth century. With one out of every four Americans identifying themselves as Black, White, Asian, Hispanic, Pacific Islander or American Indian.(Gould198) The number of foreign born residents also reached an all time high of twenty million,easily passing the1980 record of fourteen million. Most people from educators to philosopers agree that an important first step in successfully joining multiple cultures is to develope an understanding of each other 's background. However the similarities stop there. Many try to suggest a different way of arriving at that culturally integrated society but to me everyone seem to have a different opion of what will work. Since education is at the root of the problem, it might be appropriate to use an example in that context. Although the debate at Stanford University ran much deeper than I can hope to touch in this paper, the root of the problem was as follows: In 1980, Stanford University came up with a program-later known as the " Stanford-style multicultural curriculum" which aimed to... Free Essays on Political Review Free Essays on Political Review Multicultural Education The debate over Multicultural Education in America has long been called "The Melting Pot" due to the fact that it is made up of a varied mix of races,cultures and ethnicities. As more and more immigrants come to America in searching for a better life, the population naturally become more diverse. This has in turn spun a great debate over multiculturalism. One of the issues under debate is Who is benifiting from the education, and How to present the material in a way that does not offend the different cultures. In the 1930's several educators called for programs of cultural diversity that encouraged ethnic and minority students to study their respective heritages. This wasen't easy cause there is much diversity within individual cultures. A look at the 1990 census show that the American population has changed more noticably in the last ten years than in any other time in the twentieth century. With one out of every four Americans identifying themselves as Black, White, Asian, Hispanic, Pacific Islander or American Indian.(Gould198) The number of foreign born residents also reached an all time high of twenty million,easily passing the1980 record of fourteen million. Most people from educators to philosopers agree that an important first step in successfully joining multiple cultures is to develope an understanding of each other 's background. However the similarities stop there. Many try to suggest a different way of arriving at that culturally integrated society but to me everyone seem to have a different opion of what will work. Since education is at the root of the problem, it might be appropriate to use an example in that context. Although the debate at Stanford University ran much deeper than I can hope to touch in this paper, the root of the problem was as follows: In 1980, Stanford University came up with a program-later known as the " Stanford-style multicultural curriculum" which aimed to...

6 Things You Must Know About Changing Careers

6 Things You Must Know About Changing Careers If you’re switching to a whole new career (or are just thinking about it), there are some things that will be true no matter what your field is. Keeping these in mind can help you get that crucial foot in the door in your new career. Here are 6 things you must know about changing careers. 1. You’ll need to shift your mindset.â€Å"Change† is the mantra here. You’ll be the same you, but everything else- your day-to-day, how you apply your skills, the challenges you face on the job- will be different. Part of what makes a career change so appealing is that â€Å"everything is new!† aspect. Embracing that freedom, where anything could happen, is a big part of being ready to make the switch.2. Your resume needs an overhaul.You might think a few â€Å"find and replace† tweaks will cover your resume as you start sending it out to a new field of job openings. After all, your history is your history, and they’ve never seen it before, right? It ’s all new to them! †¦Not quite.The best thing to do is to build your resume from scratch so that it fits for your anticipated industry. The way you interpret your past jobs and your current skills may be different for this new field, so take the time to think about a) what the industry needs are; and b) how to give your skills and experience a makeover for that brave new world.3. Even if you don’t have experience, you have skills.It may seem like you’re totally starting over. But guess what? Even if your experience doesn’t really translate to your next professional life, you’ve also built up a stash of abilities that could serve you well no matter what. Focus on the kinds of skills that transfer well across job lines, like communication skills, problem solving skills, and leadership skills.4. You should think big: industry, not job description.I usually recommend that you tailor your resume for a specific job description. But as you get start ed on a new career path, where you may not be as familiar with the ins and outs of that industry, it’s better to approach it on a macro level. This is especially true if you don’t have some of the necessary experience. Focus on what the company does, what it provides, their audience/consumers, and what you can offer in those areas.5. It’s okay that there’s a lot you don’t know (yet).If you have a strong background of skills and experience behind you, it can be tempting to let that translate into swagger, even if you’re walking into an all-new professional world. The whole point of switching careers is the challenge of learning new things, and taking a different direction. So bring that eagerness to grow, not the â€Å"I know everything† confidence, into the process with you.6. There will be disappointments.Changing careers can be a really hard process. You’re leaving behind a very familiar world for a field you likely donâ€⠄¢t know as well. You might be leaving behind a reputation, and sets of skills that you worked hard to build. When you take a risk like that, it can be doubly frustrating when things don’t happen right away, or you don’t get the level of job or salary that you were hoping for. So as you go into it, take a deep breath and understand that there will be challenges.Changing career lanes is a brave thing to do. It involves making the best decision for yourself in the long term, even knowing that the short term may be a bumpy transition. The more prepared you are for these challenges, the readier you’ll be to face them and move on to your next great opportunity.

Technoligies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Technoligies - Essay Example ys of old was the pinhole camera also referred as ‘Camera Obscura’ which was a preferred tool in the realistic portrayal of objects and as a drawing tool. The partnership between joseph Nicephore Niepce and a French man Louis-Jacques-Mande Daguerre brought about the development of photographs that were permanent and this preceded the capturing of image with minimal requirement of light exposure. The process of image capture and processing went from the negative to positive process from which multiple positive prints would be made. This innovation is where paper is sensitized to light with a silver salt solution and followed by exposure to light which caused the paper’s background to change colour to black and the intended focus is rendered in nuance of grey. The result produced the negative image and a reverse process of the shadow and light is applied to create a positive picture. Photography innovations elevated to the dry plate negatives and hand held cameras making production easier. The flexible roll film that was unbreakable came into existence and in early 1940s, colour photographs were introduced into the commercial market place. The colour films used a chemical process that attaches three layers of dye together generating an ostensible colour appearance. The transformation of camera technology has provided breakthroughs in research, information gathering, communications, and treatments providing doctors new methods of practicing medicine. In a survey conducted by American Life Project and Pew Internet, the findings indicated that about 66% of individuals browsed for healthcare data on the internet. The material sought after on the internet includes; treatment exploration, symptoms check, and medicines which is made available through captured images by photography. Doctors in some parts of the world have decided to apply the use of cameras to determine the extents of pain through facial recognition. This has assisted in elimination of ambiguity in

Week 3-Terence Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Week 3-Terence - Coursework Example The main reason for these companies to adopt this technology is to have them make decisions that favor the entire global market. Having a globally distributed team comes with the challenge of mistrust among some team members. However, there are some factors that the management can rely on to create trust among these team players in different parts of the world (Allison, 2013). The first factor to be considered is having directed and reflected knowledge to be shared among the team members. Directed messages will always tell the exact information being conveyed. Due to this, members trust their fellows since there are no irrelevant stories to hide the reality. Having the information that the team share reflected in some reference point also boosts trust. Social communication is another factor that is helpful in building trust in team members who will never meet face-to-face. In this level of communication the workers will discuss informal factors such as how their holidays or weekend were spent. In the process of doing this they get to know each other more and the trust is created. For example, a worker based in America can chat with his fellow in Asia discussing the summer holidays. In the process, these workers will trust each other (Carmody, 2012). The ability of the team to combine resources despite the distance between them is also crucial for trust to exist. In this case, the team members at different points in the world they operate from get to coordinate themselves and share what the team needs to accomplish its goals. If they can do this then eventually the members will create trust among themselves (Chesebro, 2012). One of the new technologies that organizations are nowadays adopting to improve communication among their team members who are globally distributed is the groove virtual office. The technology relies on the ability of the Microsoft software that can connect many servers from different parts

Communists Win Chinese Civil War Essay Example for Free

Communists Win Chinese Civil War Essay How much of the Cold War was affected by the Chinese Civil War? One may ask themself this question and not find an answer because one may think very little of another country being a part of different wars at the same time. The Chinese Civil War impacted the Cold War completely. The Chinese Civil War left a legacy of many people, major events in history, importance towards the Cold War and many others. The people who made this war happen also left behind their own goals along with their own legacies. â€Å"The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang (KMT), the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China (CPC) for the control of China which eventually led to Chinas division into two Chinas, Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan and Peoples Republic of China (PRC) in Mainland† (Chinese Civil War, 2012). The KMT and CPC are the groups of people who created the Chinese Civil War because of their diverse and unique beliefs on government. This war for control began in April 1927 during the same time of the Northern Expedition, which was a military campaign led by the KMT to unify China under the Kuomintang banner (2012). The Cold War began in 1941 or most resources say exactly after WWII showing that both the Chinese Civil War and Cold War went on in the same time period in history (Cold War, 2012). In the Chinese Civil War the main objective of each powerful party was to gain control of China and establish their thoughts on government. This civil war marked the third largest war in history, being represented by ideological split between the Nationalist KMT and Communist CPC (2012). The main leaders of the Chinese Civil War were the Nationalist’s leader, Chiang Kai-shek, and the Communist’s leader, Mao Zedong. The Chinese Civil War ended due to major active battles ending in 1949-1950 (2012). Most would say the war is still going on with no ending yet because no armistice or peace treaty has been signed yet. With most resources showing the Civil War of China ended about 40 years earlier than the Cold War (Cold War, 2012), but considering the Chinese Civil War never had an armistice nor peace treaty the war has never correctly ended or ended  at all. The Chinese Civil War was mainly ended though due to the Sino-Japanese War destroying the KMT severely toward their moral, troops, and trust throughout China. The Japanese invaded at this time forcing the KMT and CPC to unite in an attempt to drive out the invading Japanese (2012). Furthermore, the KMT when defending Japanese attacks lost many casualties, but once it was the CPC’s turn they defended far more than expectation pushing the Japanese back some using guerilla warfare (2012). This gained a lot of respect and trust within the CPC adding new followers to its party. After this ended the Western-supported Nationalist KMT and the Soviet-supported CPC went back at it for the control of China (Chinese Civil War, 2008). The last three years of the war are more commonly known as the War of Liberation, or alternatively the Third Internal Revolutionary War (2012). â€Å"On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the Peoples Republic of China with its capital at Beiping, which was renamed Beijing; Chiang Kai-shek and approximately 2 million Nationalist Chinese retreated from mainland China to the island of Taiwan† (2012). The Chinese Civil War affected the Soviet Union and United States in many different ways. Among the time period of World War II the United States became a large factor in Chinese affairs (Chinese Civil War, 2011). The United States as an ally helped the Nationalist government by sending a program of massive military and financial aid in the late months of 1941 (2011). â€Å"In January 1943 the United States and Britain led the way in revising their treaties with China, bringing to an end a century of unequal treaty relations† (2011). By doing this the United States were tr ying to become a strong ally with China, stabilizing force in postwar East Asia (2011). â€Å"As the conflict between the Nationalists and the Communists intensified, however, the United States sought unsuccessfully to reconcile the rival forces for a more effective anti-Japanese war effort† (2011). â€Å"Toward the end of the war, United States Marines were used to hold Beiping and Tianjin against a possible Soviet incursion, and logistic support was given to Nationalist forces in north and northeast China: (2011). American strategists debated amongst themselves on whether or not the United States should intervene in an attempt to prevent a Communist victory, which would be following the policy of containment (2011). In December 1945 General George Catlett Marshall arrived in China with the thoughts of more-so bringing the KMT and CPC together to build a  coalition government that would consist of all the contending political and military groups in China (2011). â€Å"Under Marshalls guidance, the Nationalist and Communist factions established an Executive H eadquarters at Peiping, China (also known as Beijing), in January 1946† (2011). The United States Army appointed military personnel into headquarters trying to help administer the cease-fire negotiations (2011). United State forces were still held accountable towards incidents of violence between the Communist and Nationalist powers (2011). Furthermore, â€Å"the United States also helped repatriate Japanese army personnel who were stranded in China after World War II† (2011). Unfortunately for General Marshall, both the Nationalist’s and Communist’s representatives could not compromise or come to an agreement on certain fundamental issues or relinquish the territories they had gained in the time of the Japanese surrender (2011). Because of these miscommunications and bad negotiating between both of the Nationalist and Communist powers, the cease-fire attempts failed after several months resulting in battles resuming on once again (2011). The truce upheld between both forces soon fell apart in the spring of 1946 (2011). â€Å"Negotiations still continued† (2011). â€Å"On 08 January 1947 Marshall was recalled, having realized that American efforts short of large-scale armed intervention could not stop the war† (2011). â€Å"Marshall was then commissioned as Secretary of State in President Trumans Cabinet† (2011). After this General George Catlett Marshall convinced Congress to give Europe $13 billion to help rebuild, this became known as the â€Å"Marshall Plan† (2011). â€Å"Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953† (2011). The United States still strongly aided the Nationalists with massive economic loans, but no military support (2011). The Chinese Civil War battles became more raged between the two forces (2011). The two forces now not only fought for territory but also for the allegiance of cross sections of the population (2011). â€Å"By using Manchuria as a base of supply and manpower and by accelerating the stages of Maos theory, Communists field c ommanders defeated Kuomintang forces in a series of conventional engagements in the late 1940s and established the Peoples Republic of China in October 1949† (2011). After numerous operational set-backs in Manchuria the Communists were able to take over the region and put more focus towards the war south of the Great Wall (2011). â€Å"Stalin actually tried to restrain Mao on several occasions while he gauged  American responses to developments in China† (2011). The crossing of the Yangtze River culminated in the collapse of the KMT resistance (2011). This led directly to Chiang Kai-shek’s retreat to Taiwan and the formation of the People’s Republic of China on October 1st, 1949 (2011). â€Å"The Mandate of Heaven had been withdrawn from Chiang Kai-shek† (2011). This resulted in the final victory of the Communist forces led by Mao Zedong in the Chinese Civil War; this casted an ominous pall over world affairs (2011). Within the same year, Russia detonated its first atomic bomb, ending the United States commanding control over nuclear weapons (2011). The arms race had begun with the nuclear war threat always being a major constant concern in the Cold War (2011). The overall impact of the Chinese Civil War ended in favor for the Soviet Union and going against the United States. This is because the United States were practicing a policy of containment. â€Å"The strategy, containment, is the strategy that the USA had of stopping the spread of Communism right in its tracks at the start of the Cold War† –Mr. Crow. Considering the United States did not stop the spread of Communism to China, they can count this event as a loss in the Cold War. On the other hand, the Soviet Union (USSR) could consider this a victory in the Cold War considering they aided the Communist Party and force in China, helping them win the Chinese Civil War and spread the concept and belief of Communism. The concept or belief of Communism: â€Å"a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state† (Dictionary.com, 2012). â€Å"Communism has ten essential planks, which are the Abolition of Private Property, Heavy Progressive Income Tax, Abolition of Rights of Inheritance, Confiscation of Property Rights, Central Bank, Government Ownership of Communication and Transportation, Government Ownership of Factories and Agriculture, Government Control of Labor, Corporate Farms and Regional Planning, Government Control of Education† (Communism Amorality, 2012). References â€Å"Chinese Civil War.† GlobalSecurity.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2012. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/chinese-civil-war.htm. â€Å"Chinese Civil War.† New World Encyclopedia . N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Chinese_Civil_War. â€Å"Chinese Civil War.† Wikipedia.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 May 2012. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War. â€Å"Cold War.† New World Encyclodpedia . N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Cold_war#.22End.22_of_the_Cold_War. â€Å"Communism Amorality .† All About Philosophy. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. http://www.allaboutphilosophy.org/communism.htm. â€Å"Definition of Communism.† Dictionary.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/communism.

Debate Over the Legal Drinking Age Essay -- Alcohol Essays Research Pa

The Debate Over the Legal Drinking Age College life is filled with changes. It is filled with many new experiences. As college students, we are on our own, adults. As adults we are responsible for keeping up to date on information that affects us. One issue that affects college students nation wide is drinking. The current legal drinking age in the United States is twenty-one years of age. The Federal government raised the legal drinking age from 18 to 21 in 1984. Even with the current drinking age at twenty-one, many people under that age choose to drink anyway. In fact, a government survey from 1996 showed that 56% of high school seniors reported drinking in the last 30 days (Hanson). With so many underage drinkers, many people believe that the drinking age should be lowered, stating that people are going to drink, regardless of the legal age. Still others see the high number of underage drinkers as a sign that the legal age needs to stay where it is and stricter laws need to be implemented. With the extremely high numb er of underage drinking, we can assume that the current drinking age is relatively ineffective, and therefore we must ask ourselves: should the drinking age be lowered, or should we revise policies to make the current age more effective? It is important to view all sides of the issue before deciding which side to be on. We must look responsibly at the issue instead of saying that the drinking age should be lowered, simply because we are under 21. The current drinking age has many debatable sides, or approaches which need to be examined. Those approaches include lowering the drinking age because the current policies don?t work, lowering the drinking age because it would lead to more responsible drinking, kee... ...drinking age should be lowered: An opinion based upon research. 1998. Oct 13 2002. <www.indiana.edu/engs/articles/cqoped.html>. Hanson, D. J. .. Youth Alcohol Policy. 1997. Oct 13, 2002. <http://www.2potsdam.edu/alcohol-info/InMyOpinion/YouthPolicy.html>. Kirby, Robert. "Study Confirms Parents' Suspicions: Teens Have as Much Sense as a Rock." The Salt Lake Tribune 1 August 2002: E1. McArdle, Paul J.. "A Lower Drinking Age Wouldn't Lead to Responsible Alcohol Use" Letter. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 893 words, 9 June 2002: A6. Pickerington, Matthew G.. "A Lower Drinking age Would Quiet the Riots" Letter. The Columbus Dispatch 296 words, 14 May 2002: 10A. Stoner, Noah. "Dangers Abound with a Lower Drinking Age." Intelligencer Journal 19 January 2002: A-4 . Wilson, Greg . "Pol Says Drop Age, Educate Kids." Daily News (New York) 15 July 2002: 1.

Retorical Essay

During the mid-20th Century, racism was a huge issue in the United States, which the most prominent was the racism of African-Americans. Although all blacks were supposed to be free, under a corrupt law system, blacks were victimized mercilessly. Therefore, blacks decided to try and change the system and multiple civil rights activists and groups appeared. The most notable activist of them was Martin Luther King Jr. of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, or the SCLC (Martin Luther King, Jr. Biography).Throughout the 1960s, King engaged in various civil rights boycotts and protests, helping to further the movement and gaining its eventual victory. Out of all of his civil rights-related efforts, the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech, given on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the â€Å"March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom† in 1963 (â€Å"March on Washington For Jobs and Freedom). The speech had a massive impact as it managed to illustrate the racist probl ems of the time and provoke the audience into feeling sympathy while providing hope to the depressed African-American population.Sadly, the speech also made the movement and King very popular, making his opponents treat him as a threat, causing him to be assassinated 4 years later and he was unable to enjoy the fruits of his work. The reason for â€Å"I Have a Dream† massive impact is due to the tense social mood of the time and that it reflects the conditions of the time, giving black activists a vision for the future. It struck directly into the hearts of blacks across America, made whites ashamed of their actions and willing to have a new start and shook society to its roots.In just 17 minutes, King influenced and informed the generations and generations of people about racial equality and fairness. According to almost all scholars, the seventeen-minute speech is a masterpiece of rhetoric (Edwards). This is obvious when analyzing the speech as one can notice that King care fully structures his speech to appeal to the different types of audience, supporting it with the three rhetorical modes of ethos, pathos and logos which are reinforced with different rhetorical tropes and schemes, marking King’s name in history.The most important of any speech is its structure – something which King does extremely well in his speech by showing the plight of the Negroes, showing the truth of the civil rights movement and that there is hope in the future. Basically, the speech’s structure is intended to appeal to the three types of audiences likely to be listening to King’s speech – the average blacks who are discriminated against, the average whites who harbor thoughts typical of that time and the militant blacks and racist supremacists who argue that blacks are evil and the civil rights movement is violent.In the first part of his speech, King, cleverly paints a picture of the plight of the Negroes and thoroughly describes their co ndition. For example, in the start of the essay, King says that the life of the blacks is â€Å"crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination† and that the blacks are living on a â€Å"lonely island of poverty† in the midst of a â€Å"vast ocean of material prosperity. This first makes the whites realize how the blacks are in a terrible plight and make them dislike their actions while striking deep into the hearts of blacks as this clearly paints out their situation. Further on, King continues to emphasize this by continuing to list examples of the Negroes’ problems, which continues to strike at the Negroes as they are stirred by descriptions of their sadness and makes whites uncomfortable as they think that they are the ones responsible for this.Also, King makes references to how America has literally broken their promise to the Negroes by refusing them the rights granted in the Constitution. Therefore, the plight of the Negroes is n ot their fault; it is the fault of the whites. One problem with the civil rights movement, however, is that many enemies of the movement argue that activists of the movement act aggressively and use violent methods to seek their goals. This has caused many people to lose their support for their movement.In order to stop this, King, who was a public face for the movement at the time, states that the Negroes must conduct their struggle â€Å"on the high plane of dignity and discipline† and must not allow their â€Å"creative protest to degenerate into physical violence† for the â€Å"marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people. † Later, near the end of his speech, King continues to â€Å"preach† this point, for example by stating that he has a dream that â€Å"little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. Thro ugh this, King intends to say that the black militants are not supported by the majority of the civil rights movement and that the movement is intent on reaching their goals nonviolently. This also has the additional effect making the whites uncomfortable when they think how the blacks are not really the savages they think they are and are instead dignified, honorable people who continue to endure and that the whites are the true savage beasts. However, this is not the end.After portraying multiple examples of white brutality and the pain of the Negro people, however, King knows that it is important to give the Negro people a message of hope. Therefore, at the very end, King starts to talk about the future and how one day, freedom will â€Å"ring† from all across the United States and how people of all races will be able to â€Å"join hands† and be â€Å"brothers and sisters. † Overall, King intelligently uses a well-planned structure to manipulate his audience into agreeing with him by painting an image of the Negros’s plight.In his speech, in order to back up his basic structure King uses rhetorical modes, one of which is pathos, or the mode of utilizing human emotions, by making his audience no longer hate Negroes and instead hate racism and wish for a new, better world, which is part of the structure of his essay. King tries his best in the speech to make the audience sympathize with the Negroes, dislike racism and then be filled with hope of a new world without racism by using strong adjectives and metaphors.For example, King constantly describes the Negroes as being â€Å"crippled† by the â€Å"manacles of segregation† and â€Å"chains of discrimination. † Through this, King makes the audience feel that the Negroes are in great calamity; as if the Negroes had committed a crime and have to be restrained, something which King emphasizes on when he compares the situation of the Negroes as to being stranded on a â€Å"lonely island of poverty† while everybody else around them are indulging in a â€Å"ocean of material prosperity. Therefore, through this, the audience realizes how it is not because the Negroes are stupid that they live in poverty, but because the white American society is literally holding them back. Later, King then aims to make the audience hate racism by giving them a metaphor: that racism is a â€Å"dark and desolate valley† while racial justice is a â€Å"sunlit path. † It results in the audience first realizing that their society is in that dark and desolate valley then thinking that without racism, the American society could then climb onto the sunlit path of racial ustice. Throughout his speech, King does this again and again, such as writing that black children are â€Å"stripped of their selfhood† and dignity by â€Å"signs stating ‘For Whites Only’† and that black people are â€Å"judged by the color of their sk in† instead of the â€Å"content of their character. † This all serves to make the audience feel ashamed of racism. Finally, King paints a picture of his vision and hope in the audience’s mind by repeating â€Å"I have a dream† followed by optimist statements, repeating â€Å"Let freedom ring! and that one day all of â€Å"God’s children,† no matter what their race or color, will be able to be brothers and sisters without racial injustice. Overall, King effectively uses pathos in his speech, guiding the audience’s feelings to go along his plans and making them sympathize with Negroes, hate racism and be filled with a hope of an equal world. Other than pathos, King also utilizes the other two modes of rhetoric, ethos and logos, the art of using social ethics and logic and examples, although logos is used far less frequently compared to the other two modes.These two modes help in King’s structure to make the audience think that t he whites have lied and broken their promises to the Negroes. In the late beginning of his speech of his speech, King writes that when America was founded, â€Å"the Constitution and Declaration of Independence† stated that all men, black or white, were to be granted the same rights. However, nowadays, America has not kept its promise to the black people – King compares this to having given Negroes â€Å"a bad check,† a check which has come back marked â€Å"insufficient funds† despite the â€Å"promissory note† of the â€Å"Constitution and Declaration of Independence†.Ethically, most people believe that it is necessary to keep a promise. Therefore, this puts racism in a whole new light: that racism is not justified as the US has failed to deliver their promises. This helps in making whites uncomfortable about their actions – something important in King’s structure. Later on, King mentions that racial equality can only be achi eved until â€Å"justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. † This deliberately makes the audience think that racial segregation is wrong and against basic moral principles.Finally, King also attacks the enforcers of racial segregation, or the police, by citing â€Å"police brutality† and insufficient living conditions for the prisoners. Meanwhile, the one example of logos in the speech is when King refers to the Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln signed 100 years earlier. King writes in the very beginning that â€Å"five score years ago,† Lincoln signed the â€Å"Emancipation Proclamation† that declared slaves free and blacks were no longer to be treated like property.King uses this piece of evidence to show that even Lincoln, one of the most admired men in US history, supported the freeing of blacks, creating an ethos appeal through the logos of Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation. However, there is also a logos appeal as well because when audiences think about it, the Emancipation Proclamation, or the order to free slaves and start of racial equality, had been written a hundred years ago.Yet, in all that time, the idea of racial equality, instead of increasing, had decreased. Therefore, America should start adopting the ideas of racial equality. In summary, King’s speech also utilizes the modes of ethos and logos in the first half of his speech as the civil rights movement is based heavily in ethics and to show that Lincoln, one of the most respected Americans in history, supported the freeing of blacks and since it has been one hundred years since the black equality movement really started.To assist in his rhetorical modes, King uses rhetorical tropes in his modes such as when he alludes to several different works like the Bible, Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address and Shakespeare’s â€Å"Richard III† syncing King’s ideas with what is considered righteous by many peop le, makes the audience remember important parts of the past and helps audience understand the situation, all of which are important to the success of the speech. An example of this is when King writes â€Å"justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. This is a direct biblical allusion to Amos 5:24 – â€Å"But let justice roll on like a river, righteousness like a never-failing stream! † Another biblical allusion is when King writes that he has a dream that one day, â€Å"every valley shall be exalted,† every hill and mountain â€Å"made low,† all rough places will be â€Å"plain† and crooked places â€Å"straight† and that the â€Å"glory of the Lord shall be revealed. † Other than the direct Christian allusion by mentioning God, this phrase also alludes the Isaiah 40:4-5 – â€Å"Every valley shall be raised up, every mountain and hill made low; the rough ground shall become level, the rugged places a plain.And the glory of the Lord shall be revealed. † King also alludes to Psalms 30:5 by writing â€Å"It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity† as the second half of Psalms 30:5 states, â€Å"weeping may remain for a night, but rejoicing comes in the morning. † All these biblical allusions remind the audience that what King says is in accordance to the Bible. Large quantities of the 1960s American population were churchgoers.Therefore, as the audience would all hold the Bible to be righteous, by making the audience think that King words are in sync with the Bible, King manages to make the audience feel as if his arguments are all definitely righteous and should be supported. Another allusion, this time a literary one, is to Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address when King states â€Å"Five score years ago† at the start of his speech, which is an direct allusion to the phrase â€Å"Four score and seven years ago† at the start of the Gettysburg Address.Due to the fact that the Gettysburg Address is also about human rights and that most people remember Lincoln as being a staunch supporter of blacks, this allusion makes the audience remember that one of the greatest men in history opposed segregation. The final allusion, also a literary allusion, is when King writes that the â€Å"summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. † This alludes to the opening lines of â€Å"Richard III,† a historical play by William Shakespeare, which are â€Å"Now is the winter of our discontent.Made glorious summer by this sun of York. † In â€Å"Richard III,† the main character, Richard, and his brother, Edward, are constantly in a state of conflict. Therefore, through this allusion, King attempts to make the reader think that the situation between black and white men are the same – both are technically â€Å"brothers,† yet are both struggling and fighting against each other. The allusions used by King reinforces his message as they make it seems to be in sync with the Bible and make the audience that like the story of â€Å"Richard III,† black and white men, technically â€Å"brothers,† are battling each other.Through these allusions, King intends to support his ethos as the Bible is a great source of ethics, Lincoln is historically famous for his ethical beliefs and because an allusion to â€Å"Richard III† invokes the ethic that brothers should not discriminate against each other. Metaphors, another useful rhetorical trope, are essential to help audiences fully understand an idea as it compares an idea with something the audience is familiar with, which is important to bring out modes such as ethos and pathos. King uses a series of more complicated metaphors in the middle of his essay.He claims that by â€Å"the Constitution and Declaration of Indepe ndence,† the forefathers of America were â€Å"signing a promissory note† that all men, whatever color, would be granted the same rights. However, King then says in the view of the Negroes, the US government have given the Negroes a â€Å"bad check,† a bad check that does not promise them the same results that have been given to the white population. Later on, King says that many equal rights activists have been â€Å"battered by the storms of persecution† and the â€Å"winds of police brutality. Through this metaphor, King paints the upholders of the Jim Crow laws, the laws suppressing blacks (Jim Crow Laws), in a bad light. These two metaphors both relate to ethos as the first metaphor invokes the ethic of keeping your promises while the second metaphor involves torture, something which most of the American population was against. Finally, King uses several last metaphors when he writes that with faith, it is possible to transform the â€Å"jangling di scords† of our nation into a â€Å"beautiful symphony of brotherhood. This metaphor, on the other hand, is related to pathos as the audience immediately feels good due to the King’s choice of words. All of these metaphors are aimed to make the audience realize that continued racial injustice will lead to total chaos while racial equality leads to a beautiful society. Overall, the metaphors King uses are effective to support the ethos and pathos as they make the audience realize that the US have cheated the Negroes, that those who uphold the Jim Crow laws are evil and that it is possible to transform the US society.Like the metaphor, the simile is useful to help the audience understand ideas and is also part of the rhetorical modes. Examples of the simile in King’s speech is when he writes that the Emancipation Proclamation came â€Å"as a joyous daybreak† to the black slaves to end the â€Å"long night of their captivity. † This simile tells and em phasizes to the audience how the Emancipation Proclamation was a great â€Å"beacon of hope† to the slaves and how they rejoiced when the received the news.Therefore, this also helps to make the audience delighted and happy for the Negroes, which means they become saddened when King tells them how 100 years later, the Negroes, however, are still not free. Also, this simile fits the mood of the speech as the speech occurred near the Lincoln Memorial. King implies to this by writing that the Emancipation Proclamation was signed by a â€Å"great American† whose â€Å"symbolic shadow† they stand in. Other similes are â€Å"justice rolls down like waters† and â€Å"righteousness like a mighty stream. These similes intend to tell the audience that King and his friends will not stop until justice comes down and sweep away all racism and injustice King also uses a rhetorical question, the final trope in his speech -â€Å"when will you be satisfied? † in h is speech in order to trigger a flood of answers and to stir up the feelings of blacks. In the middle part of his speech, King writes that some whites ask black activists when blacks will be satisfied. King then writes that blacks will not be satisfied as long as there is racism.First, King is answering many whites: blacks will not be satisfied until everybody is equal. Then, King stirs up the feelings of the blacks with his question when he includes all sorts of examples of racial injustice to colored people when he answers himself. This is intended to support pathos as it is effective in stirring up the black audience’s feelings and anger. The rhetorical question is useful to King because they answer questions posed by the whites and stir up the Negroes’ feelings about racism.Other than tropes, though, King uses schemes as well, such as epistrophe. He uses epistrophe when he writes â€Å"With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. † Epistrophe, which is when a certain word at the end of a clause is repeated again and again, is effective in this case as it puts emphasis on the fact that the civil rights movement will always work together and will never forget or leave anybody to suffer alone.Without this, many civil rights activists might come under the impression that they have been forgotten whenever they got arrested or prosecuted and would stop working for the civil rights movement. King utilizes this to support his pathos as it effectively motivates the civil rights movement. Therefore, the world is informed that the civil rights movements are united together and to all activists they are not alone. Martin Luther King uses anaphora multiple times in his speech as it is also closely related to the rhetorical mode of pathos.Examples are when he repeats â€Å"One hundred years later† three times in one paragraph and â€Å"Now is the time† four times in another paragraph. Through constant repetition, King aims to emphasize his point in the reader’s mind. Another example, when asked when Negros will be satisfied, King repeats â€Å"We will not be satisfied† multiple times, followed by an example of injustice suffered by African-Americans – which impresses on the audience (this was broadcast on live TV as well) that blacks will not stop until they are not discriminated against.Other than those occasions, there are other examples, such as when King writes â€Å"I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood†¦. every valley shall be exalted†¦and the glory of the Lord†¦shall see it tog ether. † By repeating â€Å"I have a dream,† King emphasizes the fact that he can see a new America, an America free from racial injustice and cruelty.King also writes how â€Å"let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire†¦from Stone Mountain of Georgia†¦Lookout Mountain of Tennessee†¦hill and molehill of Mississippi†¦let freedom ring. † The anaphora used here emphasizes King’s point and wish for freedom from all parts of the nation, evidenced by how he references to places all over America. It also backs up King’s pathos as the constant repetition is very useful for arousing the audience’s emotions, especially when combined with the moving content anaphora is often used in conjunction with.Overall, the multiple use of anaphora in King’s speech emphasizes the point to the audience that the blacks will not stop until the Jim Crow laws are gone and that when those laws are gone, a new America will e merge. Throughout the speech, another scheme King uses frequently is parallelism, the strategy of repeating similar clauses, several times. Parallelism is useful to emphasize things and ideas to the audience, which, like all the other tropes and schemes. Early in his speech, King writes â€Å"riches of freedom† and â€Å"security of justice† and then â€Å"justice rolls down like waters† and â€Å"righteousness like a mighty stream. In these two examples, King is using parallelism to express that the African American wants justice and freedom by repeating them next to each other and mentally connecting them in the reader’s mind, which is also connected with pathos as the terms King uses subtly emphasize those words and create good feelings in the reader. As campaigning Negroes have been prosecuted by the police, King makes a mention of them when he writes that those activists have been â€Å"battered by the storms of persecution† and â€Å"stagge red by the winds of police brutality. This emphasizes to the audience that many racial demonstrators, despite being brutally treated (which supports ethos as it is a reference to police brutality), have not given up on their efforts. At the end of his speech, King uses parallelism two more times when he writes â€Å"Let freedom ring† multiple times followed by â€Å"from (American place name). † King decides to again emphasize the importance of freedom by using parallelism and by mentioning place names to implant in the reader of how they should â€Å"let freedom ring† from across the US.Finally to cap his speech King writes how one day when â€Å"all of God’s children,† no matter if they are â€Å"black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics† will be able to sing together â€Å"in the words of the old Negro spiritual, ‘Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last! ’† In thi s case, King expresses how all people in the world, despite their differences, are God’s children and should not be discriminated against by putting almost all of the different groups of people together in a parallel structure.Both of those two final examples are pathos-related as the first example creates good feelings and is inspirational while the final example creates hope for the future in the audience. In summary, parallelism connects different points and, like all other devices, tells the audience of how blacks want justice and that how all people of the world should not be discriminated against. Antithesis is when two utterly different ideas are put together, which is useful for grabbing attention and emphasizing.King uses it in his speech in order to express all his points. First, King writes that â€Å"the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. † This antithesis makes the audience realize that the Negroe s have been left behind and ignored while the rest of modern society has charged forward into prosperity and fortune. From this revelation, the audience will also realize that it is no fault of the Negro that they have been left behind – in contrast, modern society have been dragging them back through racism.In order to dispel any misguided ideas that whites have of the Negroes’ fortune, King tells them directly that Negroes are in poverty as everybody is blocking them from entering the ocean of â€Å"material prosperity. † The second time King uses antithesis is when he states that â€Å"Nineteen Sixty-Three is not an end, but a beginning,† which he aims to express that the revolution will not stop at 1963; rather it will have a new beginning. Finally, King uses antithesis one more time at the end of his speech, when he writes â€Å"when all of God’s children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands. The pairs he mentions are all the direct opposites of each other, yet he says that they will all join hands together and be friends. King implies that one day, all differences will fall away as, no matter what our race and color, we are God’s children. Overall, antithesis is used by King to grab the audience’s attention and emphasize to them that the Negroes’ poverty is the fault of the whites, that the revolution will not end at the Washington march and that all men are God’s children.Finally, the last scheme used by King is the isocolon, or repetition of grammatical structure in several clauses, as it builds rhythm and can be used to connect ideas. An example of this is when King writes â€Å"Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana. † Through this use of isocolon, King lifts the hearts of blacks and tells them not to give up and continue their cause as someday, th e blacks will be free from discrimination.Although those place names King mentions means nothing to the bystander, the audience King was facing would have recognized them as places where segregation was strictly enforced. Another example of isocolon is in the final part of King’s speech, when he writes â€Å"from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city† after writing about freedom ringing from all parts of America. This isocolon simply summarizes his claim of freedom ringing everywhere. It creates a good rhythm and connects ideas.These two usages of isocolon are intended to boost the pathos of King’s speech as they both boost the emotions of the audience. Overall, King uses the isocolon to tell blacks to never give up as one day, freedom will ring everywhere. Although all of the rhetorical strategies are interesting, the most important aspect is how they relate to each other and the effect they create. As the structure of â€Å"I Have a Dream† is vital to its success, King carefully tries to relate all of his rhetorical strategies with his structure.For example, part of King’s structure is intended to make the audience harbor bad feelings about racism. To achieve this, King uses the rhetorical strategy of pathos along with metaphors and other rhetorical tropes and schemes to make the audience feel for the blacks. Also, King carefully chooses the rhetorical strategies in his essay in order to make them fit with the structure. For example, anaphora and parallelism combines in the speech to create the famous â€Å"I have a dream† and â€Å"let freedom ring† repetition.The constant repetition coupled with King’s deep inspirational voice serves to inspire the audience, audible when cheers are heard in the recording of King’s speech as he says â€Å"I have a dream† and â€Å"let freedom ring. † After hearing these repetitions, the viewer is filled with hope. This is in alignment with King’s structure as King intends for the end to be about hope for the future and those two repetitions both occur at the end. In brief, the rhetorical strategies of King’s speech combine to create a combining effect, supporting and reinforcing each other.In conclusion, Martin Luther King, Jr’s most famous speech was the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech given in 1963 during one of the most famous marches in history, the 200,000-strong â€Å"March on Washington For Jobs and Freedom. † At the time, America was in the grips of racism and segregation, making the lives of many blacks living hell. â€Å"I Have a Dream,† however, played a major step into changing it. It managed to inspire a generation of blacks to never give up and made thousands of white Americans bitterly ashamed of their actions, forging a new start for society.Even now, it continues to make generations of people, not just Americans, to give up their racist beliefs and advocate social colorblindness. Without King, America would be probably still heavily segregated. Other than the speech’s heartwarming and moving content, King’s effective structure along with the usage of all three rhetorical modes and certain rhetorical tropes and schemes has revealed the reason â€Å"I Have a Dream† as a masterpiece of rhetoric and it persuades hundreds of thousands of people support the blacks instead of treating them unfairly.Works Cited Edwards, Stevie. â€Å"Analysis of Martin Luther King’s I Have a Dream Speech† presentationmagazine. com. Presentation Magazine. n. d. Web. 12 August 2012. â€Å"Jim Crow Laws. † National Park Service. US Government. , n. d. Web. 16 August. 2012 â€Å"March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. † Martin Luther King, Jr. And the Global Freedom Struggle. Stanford University. , n. d. Web. 9 August. 2012. â€Å"Martin Luther King, Jr. Biography. † biography. com. n. p. , n. d. Web. 9 August. 2012.

Han china and imperial rome Essay

Rome was very successful because of its superior military authority. That is the main influential factor that cemented Roman power for nearly a thousand years. They had several advantages – rapid development of the latest technology and vast numbers of infantry along with a stable senate system and much wealth to fuel their ambitions. It had sewers to control waste, aqueducts for plumbing and paved roads for transport – which many other nations simply did not have. Rome had a large assortment of choices when it came to battle. Their army usually consisted of Hastati, Principe’s or Legionary Cohort in the later years – marvelous soldiers and very useful ones to say the least. Having said this, they had access to exceptional horses as well and it was this mixture of troops that was a deciding factor in conflicts. Rome used its sheer force of numbers to overwhelm most enemies and surround them or cave in on their flanks causing a route very quickly. Mind you, tactics were used, but not effectively. The Romans took advantage of technological progressions and were only to happy to inflict deadly harm upon their foes with ballistae, catapults, onagers and numerous other siege equipment. The land they conquered poured much profit into the treasury which was distributed to the armed forces. This was able to give them the latest weapons, brand new armour, plenty of supplies and good morale. You can also look at the sheer amount of land they claimed through war – the empire covered Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, parts of the Middle-East, Egypt, and the Africa coastline. Finally, the Romans brought the ideology of Christianity to the people in Europe – influencing the events that were to proceed in the future greatly, something that has changed the world today. They will be looked upon in 1000 years (during the Middle Ages) with their beliefs, attitudes, values, lifestyle and ingenuity being emulated.

2018â€2019 SAT Score Release Dates

2018–2019 SAT Score Release Dates Because SAT scores can play an important role in the college admissions process, most applicants are eager to learn how they performed on the exam. Scores are typically available online about two to three weeks after the test date. The table below presents the exact dates.   2018–2019  SAT Score Release Dates SAT Test Date Multiple-Choice Scores Available Online Essay Scores Available May 5, 2018 May 18-24 by May 29 June 2, 2018 July 11 by July 11 August 25, 2018 September 7 by September 9 October 6, 2018 October 19 by October 21 October 10, 2018 November 2 by November 4 November 3, 2018 November 16 by November 16 December 1, 2018 December 14 by December 16 March 6, 2019 March 29 by March 31 March 9, 2019 March 22 by March 24 March 27, 2019 April 19 by April 21 April 9, 2019 May 2 by May 5 April 23, 2019 May 16 by May 19 May 4, 2019 May 17 by May 19 June 1, 2019 July 10 by July 14 The SAT is offered worldwide on Saturdays  seven times a year. This table presents more than seven test dates because of special school-day administrations of the exam. These weekday options- October 10, March 6, March 27, April 9, and April 23- wont be available or convenient for many high school students.   How Do I Check My SAT Scores? When you register for the SAT, you create  an online account to do so. Be sure to keep track of your login information, for you will use that same online account to retrieve your SAT scores. In the My SAT section of your College Board account, youll find the scores for every SAT and SAT Subject Test youve taken. Youll also find breakdowns of your scores and percentile rankings that show how you measure up compared to other students. Another benefit of the College Boards online score reports is that youll get a customized study plan should you choose to retake the SAT, and youll get access to free SAT practice materials through Khan Academy. What Time Do My SAT Scores Appear? In the past, scores would appear online at 8:00 a.m. EST. In recent administrations of the exam, the scores have rolled out throughout the day. If you live on the east coast, dont bother setting your alarm for the wee hours to get your scores early. They will not be posted before 8:00 a.m. Also, dont panic if the morning of the score availability date comes and goes and your scores have not yet appeared online. It could be the afternoon or even the evening before your scores appear. There have also been cases in which the College Board has missed the score date for logistical reasons, and locally scores may be delayed if there were testing abnormalities at your particular testing center. In short, be patient. The only reason you should worry about your scores is if your classmates who took the exam on the same date have received their scores, and a day later your scores still have not appeared. At that point, it may be worth contacting the College Board to see what the issue may be. Why Do  My SAT Essay Scores Appear Later Than the Multiple Choice Score? Youll notice that the College Board provides a later score availability date for the SAT essay than for the multiple-choice section of the exam. The reason for this is rather simple: the multiple-choice answers are scored by a computer whereas the essay section needs to be scored by experienced readers. In fact, your essay will be read by two different people and then the scores from those two readers will be added together to arrive at your final SAT essay score. The logistics of getting the essay scores are much more complicated than for the multiple-choice section. The essay readers need to be trained for consistency in the scoring process, the essays need to be distributed to those readers, and then the scores from those readers need to be reported back to the College Board. Even though the essays are scored holistically (the readers do not mark up the essays or spend much time focusing on an essays minutiae), reading and scoring the essays is still a time-consuming process. It makes sense that the College Board can post the multiple-choice scores before the essay scores. That said, you may very well find that your essay scores  are available when your multiple-choice scores are posted. Paper SAT Scores and College Score Reports Once the College Board has your SAT scores, posting those scores online is quick and easy. Paper score reports, however, take more time, as do the reports you requested that will be sent to colleges. In general, you can expect paper score reports and college reporting within ten days of receiving all of your scores (multiple-choice and  the essay scores) online. Be sure to take this slight delay into account when you calculate when you should take the SAT. Youll want to make sure your score reports will arrive at colleges by the application deadline.   Can I Get My Scores Earlier Than The Posted Dates? In a word, no. Scoring and processing hundreds of thousands of answer sheets takes time, and the College Board isnt in a position to flag individual exams for expedited service. If youre applying Early Action or Early Decision, youll want to plan ahead so that you are taking exams that will get scores to colleges on time. The new August test date makes this easier, and the August and October exams should work fine  for early admission programs.   That said, for a fee, you can order rush service to get a score report mailed to a college more quickly (see SAT Costs, Fees, and Waivers). This doesnt change the date that scores become available, but it helps get a score report to a specific college a little faster if you didnt order the scores at the time of the exam. I Got My Scores. What Now? Once you have received your scores, youll need to figure out what the scores mean in relation to your college aspirations. Are your SAT scores good enough? Are you on target for admission to the college you hope to attend?  If time allows, should you take the exam again?  What are your options if your scores arent what you had hoped for?   To get a sense of how you measure up at some of the nations most selective colleges and universities, these articles can help guide you. They present SAT data for the middle 50% of admitted students at different types of colleges: SAT Scores for the Ivy LeagueSAT Scores for Top Liberal Arts CollegesSAT Scores for Top Public Universities Can I Challenge My SAT Scores? If your SAT scores seem far off from what you expected, you have some options for figuring out what went wrong. It is possible, for example, that your answer sheet did not scan properly. For a fee, you can request that your multiple-choice answer sheet be scored by hand. This needs to be done within five months of the test date. If it turns out that an error did occur in the processing of your score, the College Board will refund the verification fee. Note that the College Board will  not  rescore your exam if you failed to follow directions. For example, if you did not fill in the ovals properly or you used a pen instead of a #2 pencil, you will not be eligible to have your scores changed. With the SAT essay, the situation is similar. You can request that your essay score be verified in case of a score reporting error or a scanning problem. Your essay will  not  be reread. The College Boards essay scoring process has built-in safety measures to ensure accurate scores. Two readers will score your essay, and if the scores by those two readers differ by more than one point (on a 4-point scale), the essay will be sent to a scoring director who will score the essay. A Final Word on SAT Scores Theres no getting around the fact that SAT (and ACT) scores often play an important role in the college admissions process. That said, try to put the exam in perspective. Your academic record will matter more than the SAT, so be sure to work hard and do well in challenging college-preparatory classes. Also, realize that the most selective colleges have holistic admissions, so a winning application essay and meaningful extracurricular involvement can help compensate for less-than-ideal SAT scores. Finally, keep in mind that hundreds of colleges have test-optional admissions and dont consider SAT scores at all.